Spatial analysis of carbon dioxide emissions from producer services: an empirical analysis based on panel data from...

This study focuses on producer services based on data from 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2018. The spatial panel STIRPAT-Durbin model was used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and spatial effects of CO₂ emissions. The empirical results reveal four key findings. First, there are significant differences in CO₂ emissions between eastern and western China, and the agglomeration areas gradually evolved from east to central and south China. Second, the increase in industrial agglomeration level leads to increased carbon emissions from producer services and produces negative spatial spillover effects. Third, urbanization, employment scale, and per capita wealth significantly increase the provinces' carbon emissions and produce positive spatial spillover effects. Fourth, technology can significantly reduce CO₂ emissions, but the positive spatial spillover effect is not significant.