Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis01:23

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis

92
Mechanistic models are utilized in individual analysis using single-source data, but imperfections arise due to data collection errors, preventing perfect prediction of observed data. The mathematical equation involves known values (Xi), observed concentrations (Ci), measurement errors (εi), model parameters (ϕj), and the related function (ƒi) for i number of values. Different least-squares metrics quantify differences between predicted and observed values. The ordinary least...
92
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving

109
Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
109
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

188
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
188
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

52.3K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
52.3K
Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

848
The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
848
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory01:20

Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory

671
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
671

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Predicting subjective ratings of affect and comprehensibility with text features: a reader response study of narrative poetry.

Frontiers in psychology·2024
Same author

How learning influences non-symbolic numerical processing: effects of feedback in the dot comparison task.

Frontiers in psychology·2024
Same author

Electrophysiological Correlates of the Interaction of Physical and Numerical Size in Symbolic Number Processing: Insights from a Novel Go/Nogo Numerical Stroop Task.

Brain sciences·2023
Same author

Structural gray matter features and behavioral preliterate skills predict future literacy - A machine learning approach.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2022
Same author

Modelling brain representations of abstract concepts.

PLoS computational biology·2022
Same author

Neural processing of vision and language in kindergarten is associated with prereading skills and predicts future literacy.

Human brain mapping·2021
Same journal

Cross-linguistic patterns of cognitive biases in large language models: a comparative study in English, Hebrew, and Russian.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026
Same journal

From human-like AI to user adoption: the role of trust, attitude, and social influence in shaping behavioral intention.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026
Same journal

Building large-scale English-Romanian literary translation resources with open models.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026
Same journal

Editorial: GenAI in healthcare: technologies, applications and evaluation.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026
Same journal

Logic, inference, understanding: cross-domain generalization for generative language models.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026
Same journal

Label tree semantic losses for rich multi-class medical image segmentation.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Using Eye Movements to Evaluate the Cognitive Processes Involved in Text Comprehension
06:49

Using Eye Movements to Evaluate the Cognitive Processes Involved in Text Comprehension

Published on: January 10, 2014

27.4K

Computational Models of Readers' Apperceptive Mass.

Arthur M Jacobs1,2, Annette Kinder3

  • 1Experimental and Neurocognitive Psychology Group, Department of Educational Science and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence
|March 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Distributed semantic models (DSMs) simulate reader knowledge, showing improved performance with increasing reading age. These models offer potential for educational and developmental science research.

Keywords:
SentiArtapperceptive masschildLexdigital humanitiesdistributed semantic modelsliterary readingmachine learning

More Related Videos

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
06:33

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

6.9K
Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading
05:54

Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading

Published on: October 18, 2018

6.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Using Eye Movements to Evaluate the Cognitive Processes Involved in Text Comprehension
06:49

Using Eye Movements to Evaluate the Cognitive Processes Involved in Text Comprehension

Published on: January 10, 2014

27.4K
Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
06:33

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

6.9K
Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading
05:54

Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading

Published on: October 18, 2018

6.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • The apperceptive mass (AM) integrates lexicon and world knowledge, crucial for reading comprehension.
  • Distributed semantic models (DSMs) offer computational approaches to model aspects of AM.
  • Previous work established DSMs as tools for simulating reader cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compute DSMs from German children's literature to model AM for different reading ages.
  • To evaluate DSMs' quantitative performance in simulating semantic and syntactic skills.
  • To compare DSM performance against human readers.

Main Methods:

  • Developed DSMs using a corpus of German children's and youth literature.
  • Tested DSM quality and performance across various simulation tasks.
  • Conducted rating tasks comparing model predictions with human adult and child readers.

Main Results:

  • DSM performance generally improved with increasing reading age.
  • Models demonstrated varying success in simulating semantic and syntactic skills.
  • Human readers outperformed DSMs in direct comparison tasks.

Conclusions:

  • DSMs show potential for modeling distributional semantic input within AM.
  • The study highlights limitations of current DSMs in fully capturing human AM.
  • DSMs offer valuable applications in literary studies, education, and developmental science.