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Cyclic Strain Mitigates Nanoparticle Internalization by Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.

Chia-Liang Tsai¹, Ching-Yun Huang², Yi-Ching Lu¹

¹Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China.

International Journal of Nanomedicine

|March 14, 2022

Summary

Cyclic strain reduces magnetic nanoparticle uptake by vascular smooth muscle cells, potentially improving nanoparticle delivery within blood vessels. This finding is crucial for intravascular theranostic applications.

Keywords:

actin cyclic strain endocytosis magnetic nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Nanotechnology
Cell Biology

Background:

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are key components of the vascular wall and are exposed to mechanical forces.
Understanding how these forces affect nanoparticle-cell interactions is vital for intravascular theranostic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of cyclic strain on the internalization of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) by cultured VSMCs.
To determine if mechanical stimulation influences nanoparticle uptake in vascular cells.

Main Methods:

Cultured rat VSMCs were subjected to cyclic strain (1 Hz, 10%) using a Flexcell system.
Cell-associated MNPs were quantified using a colorimetric iron assay.
Morphological changes and actin distribution were analyzed using electron and confocal microscopy.

Main Results:

Cyclic strain significantly reduced MNP internalization by VSMCs by up to 65%.
Reduced uptake was associated with blunted microvilli and altered vesicle characteristics.
Actin polymerization, but not myosin II ATPase activity, played a role in MNP uptake.

Conclusions:

Cyclic strain impedes nanocarrier internalization by VSMCs.
This mechanical modulation could enhance nanoparticle delivery to vascular targets or extravascular sites.