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Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...

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Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Using 22C3 Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Concentrate on Biopsy and Cytology Samples from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

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Published on: September 25, 2018

Navigational bronchoscopy specimens and PD-L1 expression: a retrospective study.

Hussein Asad¹, Timothy Saettele², Ossama Tawfik³

¹Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.

Journal of Thoracic Disease

|March 14, 2022

Summary

Navigational bronchoscopy (NB) effectively provides sufficient tissue for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) testing in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Only 4% of patients required additional biopsies, demonstrating NB

Keywords:

Bronchoscopy biopsy lung neoplasms non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

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Orthotopic Transplantation of Syngeneic Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Study PD-L1 Expression

Orthotopic Transplantation of Syngeneic Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Study PD-L1 Expression

Published on: January 19, 2019

Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Oncology
Diagnostic Pathology

Background:

Navigational bronchoscopy (NB) is increasingly used for lung nodule biopsy.
Data on NB's adequacy for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) testing in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is limited.
Accurate PD-L1 expression is crucial for guiding immunotherapy in NSCLC.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the adequacy of samples obtained via NB for PD-L1 testing in NSCLC patients.
To determine the performance of NB in providing sufficient material for PD-L1 analysis.
To identify factors influencing PD-L1 sample adequacy from NB.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 102 consecutive NB procedures for lung nodules/masses diagnosed with NSCLC.
Analysis of procedural, demographic, and diagnostic data, focusing on PD-L1 sample adequacy.
Statistical evaluation using modified Poisson regression to assess factors associated with adequacy.

Main Results:

73% of NB samples were adequate for PD-L1 testing.
Radial endobronchial ultrasound (REBUS) was used in 99% of biopsies.
Only 4% of cases required additional biopsies (CT-guided or surgical) due to insufficient tissue.
No factors were found to predict PD-L1 adequacy.

Conclusions:

Navigational bronchoscopy demonstrates good performance in obtaining adequate samples for PD-L1 testing in NSCLC.
A low rate (4%) of additional procedures were needed for insufficient tissue.
Further studies are recommended to validate these findings against surgical resection specimens.