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Cell-type-specific fibronectin subunits generated by alternative splicing.

J I Paul, J E Schwarzbauer, J W Tamkun

    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    |September 15, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Alternative splicing of fibronectin mRNA generates diverse protein subunits. This process explains some, but not all, fibronectin heterogeneity observed in different cell types and blood components.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Fibronectin (FN) is a crucial extracellular matrix protein involved in cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation.
    • Multiple FN mRNA variants exist due to alternative splicing of a single gene, leading to diverse FN subunit isoforms.
    • Understanding FN heterogeneity is vital for comprehending its diverse biological functions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the contribution of alternative splicing to fibronectin subunit heterogeneity in different cell types.
    • To identify specific regions of alternative splicing responsible for FN diversity.
    • To compare FN subunit composition in blood plasma, fibroblastic cells, and blood platelets.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized antisera specific to distinct fibronectin segments for detailed analysis.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed beta-galactosidase-fibronectin fusion proteins, generated via lambda gt11, as immunogens.
  • Analyzed fibronectin subunit heterogeneity across three distinct cell types.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified two key regions of alternative splicing contributing to FN subunit size and differences between plasma and cellular FN.
    • Demonstrated that these two splicing regions do not account for all observed fibronectin subunit variations.
    • Revealed a distinct spectrum of fibronectin subunits in blood platelets compared to blood plasma.

    Conclusions:

    • Alternative splicing is a significant, yet incomplete, mechanism generating fibronectin subunit heterogeneity.
    • Specific fibronectin segments and their alternative splicing patterns dictate subunit diversity.
    • Blood platelets possess a unique fibronectin subunit profile distinct from plasma fibronectin.