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Ophthalmic complications associated with methamphetamine use disorder.

Ye Huang1, Rao V Chundury1, Brent D Timperley1

  • 1Truhlsen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports
|March 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Methamphetamine use disorder can cause severe vision loss from eye infections like keratitis and endophthalmitis. These cases highlight the urgent need for awareness and prevention strategies for ocular complications.

Keywords:
AmphetamineEndophthalmitisKeratitisMethamphetamineMethamphetamine ulcerMethamphetamine-induced keratitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Methamphetamine use disorder is a growing public health concern.
  • Ocular complications associated with substance abuse require further investigation.
  • Understanding the link between methamphetamine and vision loss is critical.

Observation:

  • Two patients with methamphetamine use disorder presented with severe ocular complications.
  • Case 1: Corneal ulceration and scarring leading to significant vision impairment.
  • Case 2: Diffuse corneal infiltrate, endophthalmitis, and eventual enucleation.

Findings:

  • Bacterial keratitis and endophthalmitis were identified as key complications.
  • Specific bacterial pathogens included *Staphylococcus aureus*, *Streptococcus viridans*, and *Streptococcus pyogenes*.
  • Despite aggressive treatment, both patients experienced severe vision loss.

Implications:

  • Chronic methamphetamine use poses a significant risk for devastating ophthalmic sequelae.
  • Ophthalmologists and healthcare providers must be vigilant for these complications in patients with substance use disorders.
  • Further research into the mechanisms of methamphetamine-induced ocular toxicity and preventive measures is essential.