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Related Concept Videos

Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

1.6K
Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target...
1.6K
Rh Blood Group01:19

Rh Blood Group

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The Rhesus (Rh) antigen is crucial in determining blood groups and ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions.
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The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

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The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...
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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
11.4K
Blood Types02:20

Blood Types

18.8K
Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...
18.8K
Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

858
Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols
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Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols

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Red Cell Antigens and Antibodies.

Christine Lomas-Francis1, Connie M Westhoff2

  • 1Immunohematology Laboratory, New York Blood Center Enterprises, New York Blood Center, 45-01 Vernon Boulevard, Long Island City, NY 11101, USA.

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America
|March 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) involves autoantibodies attacking red blood cells (RBCs). DNA-based antigen typing improves transfusion safety for AIHA patients by matching extended phenotypes.

Keywords:
Autoantibody specificityAutoimmune hemolytic anemiaCold-reactive autoantibodiesDirect antiglobulin test (DAT)GenotypingWarm-reactive autoantibodies

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Transfusion Medicine

Background:

  • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) results from autoantibodies targeting red blood cell (RBC) antigens.
  • These autoantibodies can be IgG, IgM, or IgA, triggered by various factors including infections, drugs, and immune dysregulation.
  • AIHA is increasingly observed post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and with anti-cancer checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the challenges in pretransfusion compatibility testing for patients with AIHA.
  • To highlight the role of advanced diagnostics in managing AIHA patients requiring blood transfusions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing DNA-based assays for extended RBC antigen typing.
  • Selecting compatible RBC units based on comprehensive patient phenotype.

Main Results:

  • Extended antigen typing by DNA-based assay enables feasible selection of RBCs matching patient phenotype.
  • This approach offers enhanced transfusion safety by preventing immunization to foreign antigens.

Conclusions:

  • DNA-based extended antigen typing is a valuable tool for improving transfusion safety in AIHA patients.
  • Personalized RBC transfusion strategies based on extended phenotypes are crucial for managing AIHA complications.