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Circulating renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity in cats with systemic hypertension or cardiomyopathy

Jessica L Ward1, Emilie Guillot2, Oliver Domenig3

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|March 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Cats with cardiomyopathy (CM) show increased renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity, while those with untreated systemic hypertension (SH) do not. Both furosemide and amlodipine treatments nonspecifically activate RAAS pathways in cats.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Circulating renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity is not well-characterized in cats with systemic hypertension (SH) or cardiomyopathy (CM).
  • The impact of furosemide and amlodipine on RAAS in cats requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify RAAS activity in cats with SH or CM compared to healthy controls.
  • To assess changes in RAAS profiles following furosemide or amlodipine treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples from 66 cats (15 SH, 17 CM, 34 healthy) were analyzed.
  • Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quantified RAAS peptides and aldosterone.
  • Statistical analysis included Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests.

Main Results:

  • Cats with CM exhibited significantly higher angiotensin I, aldosterone, and plasma renin activity compared to healthy cats.
  • Amlodipine-treated cats with SH showed elevated RAAS biomarkers, unlike untreated SH cats.
  • Furosemide and amlodipine were independent predictors of increased RAAS biomarker concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiomyopathy in cats is associated with heightened RAAS activity.
  • Untreated systemic hypertension in cats does not correlate with increased RAAS activity.
  • Furosemide and amlodipine induce non-specific activation of RAAS pathways in feline subjects.
Abstract

Keywords:
amlodipineangiotensin converting enzyme inhibitorblood pressurecardiaccongestive heart failurefelinefurosemide

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