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Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions

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Methodological considerations for assessing whole-body strength capacity through isometric dynamometry.

Danilo Cvetic¹, Danica Janicijevic¹, Olivera M Knezevic¹

¹University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, The Research Centre, Belgrade, Serbia.

Sports Biomechanics

|March 15, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Comprehensive whole-body muscle strength assessment is possible with minimal testing. Isometric dynamometry and maximal force, considering antagonistic muscle pairs, provide a robust evaluation.

Keywords:

Generalisability isokinetic dynamometry maximal force rate of force development sensitivity

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Area of Science:

Sports Science
Biomechanics
Human Physiology

Background:

Assessing whole-body muscle strength efficiently is crucial for performance and health monitoring.
Previous methods often require extensive testing protocols, limiting practical application.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the minimum number of muscle groups and testing variables needed for a comprehensive whole-body muscle strength assessment.
To compare isometric and isokinetic dynamometry for evaluating maximal force and rate of force development.

Main Methods:

Evaluated knee, hip, shoulder, and elbow extensors and flexors in males with high and low strength levels.
Utilized principal component analysis and three-way ANOVA to analyze strength data.
Correlated strength outcomes across various muscle groups and testing methods.

Main Results:

Principal component analysis identified three factors explaining 62.5% of variance, primarily driven by joint actions (knee, hip, arm).
A significant group effect and test type × group interaction were found, highlighting differences between strength levels and testing methods.
Correlations between strength outcomes varied, with generally higher correlations observed for antagonistic muscles.

Conclusions:

Comprehensive whole-body muscle strength assessment can be achieved using isometric dynamometry and maximal force.
Inclusion of at least one muscle group from an antagonistic pair is recommended for a complete evaluation.
Minimizing testing can enhance the practicality of strength assessments without compromising comprehensiveness.