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Published on: December 1, 2017
Thrombotic events following Covid-19 vaccines compared to Influenza vaccines
Marcelo Gabriel Vallone1, Andre Luis Falcón1, Horacio Matias Castro2
1Internal Medicine Section, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. J.D. Perón 4190, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1181ACH, Argentina.
Insights
COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a higher incidence of thrombotic events compared to influenza vaccination. This finding requires careful consideration alongside vaccine benefits and COVID-19
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Vaccinology
- Thrombosis Research
Background:
- The risk of thrombotic events following COVID-19 vaccination remains an important public health question.
- Understanding this risk is crucial for informed vaccination strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence of thrombotic events in individuals who received COVID-19 vaccines.
- To compare this risk against a historical control group vaccinated with influenza vaccine.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cohort study was conducted comparing adults vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccines (Sputnik, AstraZeneca, Sinopharm) between January and May 2021.
- A control group received influenza vaccine between March and July 2019.
- The primary outcome was the cumulative incidence of symptomatic thrombotic events within 30 days post-vaccination.
Main Results:
- The study included 29,918 patients in the COVID-19 vaccine group and 24,753 in the influenza vaccine group.
- The incidence of thrombotic events was 12 per 10,000 for COVID-19 vaccines versus 6 per 10,000 for influenza vaccine (p=0.022).
- A statistically significant increase in thrombotic events was observed in the COVID-19 vaccination group.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 vaccination showed a significant association with an increased risk of thrombotic events compared to influenza vaccination.
- Clinical interpretation must balance these findings with the proven benefits of vaccination and the thrombotic risks of COVID-19 infection.
- Further research may be needed to fully elucidate the implications.
Importance:
The actual risk of thrombotic events after Covid-19 vaccination is unknown.
Objective:
To evaluate the risk of thrombotic events after Covid-19 vaccination.
Design:
Retrospective cohort study which included consecutive adult patients vaccinated with the first dose of Covid-19 vaccine between January 1 and May 30, 2021, and a historic control group, defined as consecutive patients vaccinated with influenza vaccine between March 1 and July 30, 2019.
Setting:
Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, a tertiary hospital in Argentina.
Participants:
Non-Hospitalized Adults vaccinated with the first dose of a Covid-19 vaccine.
Exposure:
Vaccination with Covid-19 vaccines available during the study period: Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik), ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca/Oxford or Covishield), BBIBP-CorV (Beijing Institute of Biological Products) (Sinopharm). Active comparator group exposure was Influenza vaccine.
Main Outcome:
Primary endpoint was cumulative incidence of any symptomatic thrombotic event at 30 days, defined as the occurrence of at least one of the following: symptomatic acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT); symptomatic acute pulmonary embolism (PE); acute ischemic stroke (AIS); acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or arterial thrombosis.
Results:
From a total of 29,985 adult patients who received at least a first dose of Covid-19 vaccine during study period and 24,777 who received Influenza vaccine in 2019, we excluded those who were vaccinated during hospitalization. We finally included 29,918 and 24,753 patients respectively. Median age was 73 years old (IQR 75-81) and 67% were females in both groups. Thirty six subjects in the Covid-19 vaccination group (36/29,918) and 15 patients in the Influenza vaccination group (15/24,753) presented at least one thrombotic event. The cumulative incidence of any thrombotic event at 30 days was 12 per 10,000 (95%CI 9-17) for Covid-19 group and 6 per 10,000 (95%CI 4-10) for Influenza group (p-value=0.022).
Conclusions And Relevance:
This study shows a significant increase in thrombotic events in subjects vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccines in comparison to a control group. The clinical implication of these findings should be interpreted with caution, in light of the high effectiveness of vaccination and the inherent risk of thrombosis from Covid-19 infection itself.
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