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Mechanosensitive osteogenesis on native cellulose scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Maxime Leblanc Latour1, Andrew E Pelling2

  • 1Department of Physics, STEM Complex, 150 Louis Pasteur, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.

Journal of Biomechanics
|March 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Plant-derived cellulose scaffolds show promise for bone tissue engineering. Applying cyclic hydrostatic pressure with osteogenic media enhanced cell differentiation and mineralization, indicating functional mechanosensitive pathways.

Keywords:
BiomaterialBone tissueCelluloseCyclic stimulationEngineeringHydrostatic pressureMechanobiologyMechanosensitive pathwaysOsteogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Plant-derived cellulosic biomaterials are increasingly used for tissue engineering scaffolds.
  • These materials exhibit physical properties similar to bone, making them suitable for bone regeneration applications.
  • MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells are a standard model for studying bone cell differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate plant-derived cellulose scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
  • To investigate the effect of cyclic hydrostatic pressure (HP) on cell behavior within these scaffolds.
  • To determine if mechanosensitive osteogenic pathways remain functional on cellulose biomaterials.

Main Methods:

  • Cell-seeded cellulose scaffolds were cultured with MC3T3-E1 cells.
  • Scaffolds were subjected to cyclic hydrostatic pressure (270 KPa at 1 Hz) daily for two weeks.
  • Cultures were maintained in either osteogenic media (OM) or control media (CM).

Main Results:

  • Cyclic HP combined with OM significantly increased cell differentiation.
  • Alkaline phosphatase activity and scaffold mineralization were upregulated.
  • Mechanosensitive pathways regulating osteogenesis remained functional on the cellulose scaffolds.

Conclusions:

  • Plant-derived cellulose scaffolds are a viable option for bone tissue engineering.
  • Cyclic hydrostatic pressure is an effective stimulus for promoting osteogenic differentiation on these scaffolds.
  • The study confirms the functionality of mechanosensitive pathways in cellulose-based bone tissue engineering models.