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An achromatic X-ray lens.

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Researchers developed the first X-ray achromat, combining a Fresnel zone plate and refractive lens. This innovation enables sub-micrometre achromatic focusing, overcoming chromatic aberration in X-ray microscopy.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics
  • X-ray Microscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Diffractive and refractive optical elements are crucial for high-resolution X-ray microscopy.
  • These optics exhibit chromatic aberration, limiting their use to narrow-bandwidth radiation and synchrotron sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally realize an X-ray achromat to overcome chromatic aberration.
  • To enable achromatic focusing for high-resolution X-ray microscopy at broadband sources.

Main Methods:

  • Combined a focusing diffractive Fresnel zone plate (FZP) with a defocusing refractive lens (RL).
  • Utilized scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and ptychography for demonstration.

Main Results:

  • Achieved sub-micrometre achromatic focusing over a wide energy range.
  • Demonstrated focal stability without manual adjustment.

Conclusions:

  • The developed X-ray achromat overcomes limitations of chromatic aberration in X-ray optics.
  • This advancement enables new applications in spectroscopy and microscopy using broadband X-ray tube sources.