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Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

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Nonlinear polariton parametric emission in an atomically thin semiconductor based microcavity.

Jiaxin Zhao¹, Antonio Fieramosca², Ruiqi Bao¹

¹Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

Nature Nanotechnology

|March 15, 2022

Summary

We demonstrate nonlinear optical parametric polaritons in WS2 monolayer microcavities, enabling low-threshold parametric scattering. This research paves the way for all-optical valley polariton nonlinear devices operating even at room temperature.

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Area of Science:

Nonlinear Optics
Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science

Background:

Parametric nonlinear optical processes are crucial for generating entangled photons and coherent optical sources.
Exciton-polaritons facilitate parametric scattering at low thresholds, serving as platforms for studying bosonic fluids.
Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit strong light-matter interactions, robust excitonic transitions, and unique spin-valley properties, but lack strong nonlinear effects in polaritons.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate nonlinear optical parametric polaritons in a WS2 monolayer microcavity.
To investigate the potential for strong nonlinear effects in TMD polaritons.
To explore the realization of all-optical valley polariton nonlinear devices.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a WS2 monolayer microcavity.
Pumping the microcavity at the inflection point to trigger parametric polaritons in the ground state.
Observation and characterization of the generated parametric scattering and polariton states.

Main Results:

Successful demonstration of nonlinear optical parametric polaritons in a WS2 monolayer microcavity.
Observation of a phase-matched idler state and nonlinear amplification.
Preservation of valley population and survival of the effect up to room temperature.

Conclusions:

The study successfully realized nonlinear optical parametric polaritons in WS2, overcoming previous limitations in TMD polaritons.
The observed phenomena, including valley population preservation and room-temperature operation, are significant advancements.
This work opens new avenues for developing future all-optical valley polariton nonlinear devices.