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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

662
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
662
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

702
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
702
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

6.8K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

8.3K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
8.3K
Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions

5.2K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
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Obesity and antitumor immunity.

John F Foley1

  • 1Science Signaling, AAAS, Washington, DC 20005, USA.

Science Signaling
|March 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Obesity impairs the anti-cancer immune response by reversibly reducing the effectiveness of CD8+ T cells in both mice and humans. This finding highlights a critical link between metabolic health and cancer immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Obesity is a growing global health concern linked to various diseases.
  • The immune system plays a crucial role in cancer surveillance and elimination.
  • Dysregulation of T cell function is implicated in impaired anti-tumor immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of obesity on the anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T cells.
  • To determine if the observed effects are reversible.
  • To assess the relevance of these findings in both murine models and human subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized murine models of obesity and cancer.
  • Isolated and analyzed CD8+ T cells from obese and lean subjects (mice and humans).
  • Assessed T cell function through in vitro and in vivo assays measuring cytotoxic activity and cytokine production.

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Main Results:

  • Obesity was found to significantly suppress the anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T cells.
  • This suppression was characterized by reduced cytotoxic function and altered cytokine profiles.
  • The suppressive effects of obesity on CD8+ T cell function were reversible upon correction of the metabolic state.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity reversibly impairs the anti-tumor immune response mediated by CD8+ T cells.
  • Targeting metabolic dysfunction may represent a strategy to restore anti-tumor immunity in obese individuals.
  • These findings underscore the intricate relationship between metabolic health and cancer immune surveillance.