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Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing
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Evaluating mental workload during multitasking in simulated flight.

Wenbin Li1, Rong Li2, Xiaoping Xie1

  • 1Department of Aerospace Hygiene, Faculty of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.

Brain and Behavior
|March 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Monitoring heart rate and prefrontal cortex activation effectively detects mental workload changes during simulated flight multitasking. This research aids in understanding pilot cognitive load and enhancing aviation safety.

Keywords:
fNIRSflightheart rate variabilitymental workloadmultitasking

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Area of Science:

  • Aviation psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human-computer interaction

Background:

  • Pilots face challenges processing multiple information streams during flight.
  • Mental workload is a critical factor in man-machine interaction during complex tasks.
  • Simulated flight environments provide a controlled setting to study cognitive load.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electrocardiogram (ECG) for detecting mental workload fluctuations.
  • To analyze the impact of varying multitasking demands on physiological and subjective measures of cognitive load in pilots.
  • To establish objective biomarkers for assessing mental workload in aviation contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-six participants undertook simulated flight multitasking at varying difficulty levels.
  • fNIRS and ECG data were collected to measure prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation and heart rate (HR) / heart rate variability (HRV).
  • Subjective mental workload was assessed using the NASA-TLX scale, alongside objective performance metrics.

Main Results:

  • Higher mental workload conditions correlated with increased NASA-TLX scores, HR, and PFC activation.
  • Task performance declined under high mental workload, indicated by poorer tracking and slower response times.
  • Heart rate variability (SDNN) showed a negative correlation with subjective workload in low-load conditions, while PFC activation positively correlated with HR and workload in medium-load conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Heart rate and prefrontal cortex activation serve as reliable indicators for detecting mental workload changes during simulated flight multitasking.
  • The integration of fNIRS and ECG offers a promising approach for real-time cognitive load monitoring in aviation.
  • Objective physiological measures can complement subjective assessments for a comprehensive understanding of pilot mental workload.