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Related Concept Videos

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

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Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
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Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and signal-to-noise ratio for the analyte. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.
Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called collision-induced...
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Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass.  One common type of ionization, known as electrospray ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave...
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Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)01:08

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI spectrometry is widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.
The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix material. The...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

Shuichi Shimma1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.

Mass Spectrometry (Tokyo, Japan)
|March 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) provides molecular distribution data directly from sample surfaces. This review explores diverse MSI applications, from lipids and proteins to pharmaceuticals and interstellar isotopes.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Astrochemistry

Background:

  • Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) analyzes molecular distribution on sample surfaces.
  • It offers high spatial resolution for molecular mapping.
  • MSI is a versatile analytical technique with broad applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse applications of Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI).
  • To highlight the capability of MSI in analyzing various molecular types and sample origins.
  • To provide examples illustrating the power and scope of MSI.

Main Methods:

  • Direct mass spectrometry analysis on sample surfaces.
  • High-resolution molecular detection and spatial mapping.
  • Data acquisition and interpretation for molecular distribution.
Keywords:
instrumentsisotopeslipidsmass spectrometry imagingpharmaceuticalsproteins

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Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization IR-MALDESI
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Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection
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Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization IR-MALDESI
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Main Results:

  • MSI successfully maps the distribution of small molecules (e.g., lipids) and large molecules (e.g., proteins).
  • The technique is capable of detecting pharmaceuticals within biological tissues.
  • MSI can also be applied to analyze elemental isotopes in extraterrestrial materials.

Conclusions:

  • Mass spectrometry imaging is a powerful tool for molecular distribution analysis across various scientific fields.
  • Its applications span from biological and pharmaceutical sciences to astrochemistry.
  • The versatility of MSI enables detailed molecular insights in diverse sample types.