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Quantitative contrast sensitivity test to assess visual function in central serous chorioretinopathy.

Filippos Vingopoulos1,2, Itika Garg1,2, Esther Lee Kim1,2

  • 1Harvard Retinal Imaging Lab, Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|March 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) significantly impairs contrast sensitivity, impacting daily vision. This visual impairment correlates with subjective symptoms and specific retinal structural changes.

Keywords:
retinavisionvisual perception

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Visual Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a condition affecting vision.
  • Characterizing the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) in CSCR is crucial for understanding visual deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) in patients with CSCR against healthy controls.
  • To investigate the relationship between contrast sensitivity, subjective visual impairment, and OCT-derived structural biomarkers in CSCR.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study utilizing novel computerized contrast sensitivity (CS) testing with active learning algorithms.
  • CSF metrics, including area under the log CSF (AULCSF) and CS thresholds at various spatial frequencies (cpd), were measured.
  • Mixed effects multivariate regression models analyzed associations with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), OCT findings, and patient-reported symptoms.

Main Results:

  • CSCR eyes exhibited significantly reduced AULCSF and CS thresholds at higher spatial frequencies (6-18 cpd) compared to controls.
  • Subjective visual impairment in CSCR patients correlated with decreased CS thresholds across all spatial frequencies.
  • Specific OCT findings, such as ellipsoid zone attenuation and subfoveal fluid, were linked to reduced contrast sensitivity at particular spatial frequencies.

Conclusions:

  • Contrast sensitivity is demonstrably reduced in individuals with CSCR.
  • Reduced contrast sensitivity in CSCR is strongly associated with perceived visual impairment.
  • Distinct structural abnormalities observed on OCT correlate with specific patterns of contrast threshold reduction at different spatial frequencies.