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Physiological differences between genders. Implications for sports conditioning.

D A Lewis, E Kamon, J L Hodgson

    Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
    |September 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Men and women show similar strength gains from resistance training. While aerobic adaptations are comparable, women

    Area of Science:

    • Exercise Physiology
    • Sports Science
    • Human Performance

    Background:

    • Physiological and morphological gender differences influence exercise response.
    • Existing research presents mixed findings on sex-based exercise adaptations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze gender differences in physiological and morphological responses to various training regimens.
    • To compare male and female adaptations to strength and aerobic training.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on gender differences in exercise physiology.
    • Analysis of studies comparing male and female responses to progressive resistance and aerobic training.

    Main Results:

    • Similar relative strength gains observed in men and women with resistance training.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparable central and peripheral cardiovascular adaptations to aerobic training, though women have lower O2 carrying capacity.
  • Body composition changes and muscle hypertrophy show equivocal results, with potentially less hypertrophy in women.
  • Sex differences in metabolic responses may relate to body fat percentage.
  • When matched for key physiological factors, performance disparities in heat diminish, but cold environment differences require further exploration.

    • Conclusions:

    • Gender elicits minimal differences in relative strength gains and aerobic training adaptations.
    • Body composition and specific metabolic responses may show sex-based variations.
    • Further research is needed to fully understand gender differences in exercise response, particularly in cold environments.