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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

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A White-Box Testing for Deep Neural Networks Based on Neuron Coverage.

Jing Yu, Shukai Duan, Xiaojun Ye

    IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems
    |March 16, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Test4Deep enhances deep neural network (DNN) testing by maximizing neuron coverage and efficiency. This white-box approach automatically verifies DNN behavior, improving accuracy and robustness with less testing time.

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    Area of Science:

    • Computer Science
    • Artificial Intelligence
    • Software Engineering

    Background:

    • Neuron coverage is a key metric for testing deep neural networks (DNNs).
    • Existing methods face challenges in neuron selection, activation, efficiency, and automated validation.
    • Improving neuron coverage aims to reveal more internal DNN logic.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce Test4Deep, an effective white-box testing approach for DNNs based on neuron coverage.
    • To address challenges in maximizing neuron coverage and testing efficiency.
    • To automatically verify DNN behavior and reduce manual effort in test case validation.

    Main Methods:

    • Test4Deep utilizes a differential testing framework for automatic verification of DNN inconsistencies.
    • A strategy tracks and triggers inactive neurons to maximize coverage in each iteration.
    • An optimization function guides DNNs to deviate predictions, avoiding manual oracle checks.

    Main Results:

    • Test4Deep significantly outperformed DLFuzz and DeepXplore in neuron coverage (32.87% and 35.69% increase, respectively).
    • Testing time was reduced by 58.37% and 53.24% compared to DLFuzz and DeepXplore.
    • Test4Deep generated more test cases with fewer perturbations, improving generation efficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • Test4Deep offers a superior approach to DNN white-box testing, enhancing neuron coverage and efficiency.
    • The method effectively automates DNN behavior verification and reduces reliance on manual test oracles.
    • By merging test cases and retraining, Test4Deep can improve DNN accuracy and robustness.