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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Updates on systemic therapy for cervical cancer.

Paul Gopu1, Febin Antony1, Sunu Cyriac2

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|March 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cervical cancer treatment combines surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, with platinum-based drugs improving survival in metastatic cases. Emerging targeted therapies and immunotherapies offer future treatment prospects.

Keywords:
Cervical cancerimmunotherapysystemic therapytargeted therapyupdate

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
  • Current non-metastatic treatment relies on surgery and radiotherapy, enhanced by chemotherapy.
  • Metastatic cervical cancer survival and quality of life are improved with chemotherapy, notably platinum-based regimens with or without bevacizumab.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current standards of care for cervical cancer systemic therapy.
  • To discuss recent updates and emerging agents in cervical cancer treatment.
  • To explore future prospective approaches in systemic therapies for cervical cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current standards in cervical cancer systemic therapy.
  • Analysis of recent advancements and ongoing evaluations of novel agents.
  • Discussion of future directions based on molecular and genomic data.

Main Results:

  • Platinum-based chemotherapy, with or without bevacizumab, is the standard for metastatic cervical cancer, improving survival.
  • Ongoing research is evaluating targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and vaccines based on cervical cancer's molecular biology.
  • Treatment combinations and sequencing are continuously evolving.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic therapy for cervical cancer is advancing, with chemotherapy playing a crucial role in both non-metastatic and metastatic settings.
  • Molecular and genomic insights are driving the development of novel targeted and immunotherapeutic agents.
  • Future cervical cancer treatment strategies will likely incorporate these new agents and personalized approaches.