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Related Experiment Videos

Dichotomy between opsonization and serum complement activation by encapsulated staphylococci.

P K Peterson, Y Kim, B J Wilkinson

    Infection and Immunity
    |June 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Encapsulated Staphylococcus aureus resists phagocytosis because its capsule interferes with opsonization, not by inhibiting complement activation. Complement is activated, and C3 is present on encapsulated bacteria, yet they are not effectively opsonized.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Microbiology
    • Bacterial Pathogenesis

    Background:

    • Encapsulated Staphylococcus aureus strains exhibit resistance to phagocytosis.
    • This resistance is often attributed to ineffective opsonization by the serum complement system.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between Staphylococcus aureus opsonization and serum complement activation.
    • To determine if bacterial encapsulation inhibits complement activation, thereby explaining resistance to phagocytosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparing opsonization and complement activation (C3-C9 consumption) between encapsulated and unencapsulated Staphylococcus aureus strains.
    • Utilizing pooled human serum, C2-deficient serum, and immunoglobulin-deficient serum.
    • Detecting C3 deposition on bacterial surfaces using immunofluorescence.

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    Main Results:

    • Encapsulation interferes with opsonization by pooled human serum, leading to reduced phagocytosis of encapsulated strains.
    • Encapsulated and unencapsulated strains show similar capacities for complement activation (C3-C9 consumption).
    • C3 deposition was observed on the surface of both encapsulated and unencapsulated strains, indicating complement activation despite impaired opsonization.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacterial capsule interferes with Staphylococcus aureus opsonization, contributing to phagocytosis resistance.
    • Inhibition of complement activation is not the mechanism by which encapsulated staphylococci evade opsonization.
    • The precise mechanism of capsule-mediated interference with opsonization remains to be elucidated.