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Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

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Changes in cognitive functioning after COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Lucia Crivelli¹, Katie Palmer^2,3, Ismael Calandri¹

¹Department of Cognitive Neurology, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association

|March 17, 2022

Summary

Cognitive deficits in executive function, attention, and memory persist for up to seven months after COVID-19 recovery. This systematic review and meta-analysis found lower general cognition in recovered patients compared to healthy individuals.

Keywords:

COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus attention cognition cognitive dysfunction executive functions neuropsychological test

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Infectious Diseases
Cognitive Science

Background:

The cognitive sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain a significant concern.
Understanding long-term cognitive effects in adults without prior impairment is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and meta-analyze the cognitive effects of COVID-19 in adults.
To compare cognitive function in recovered COVID-19 patients versus healthy controls.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search of Medline, Web of Science, and Embase (Jan 2020–Dec 2021).
Adherence to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Meta-analysis of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores for 290 individuals.

Main Results:

27 studies including 2049 individuals were analyzed.
Impairments in executive functions, attention, and memory were identified in post-COVID-19 patients.
A statistically significant difference in MoCA scores was observed between post-COVID-19 patients and controls (mean difference = -0.94, P = .0049).

Conclusions:

Individuals recovered from COVID-19 exhibit diminished general cognitive function up to seven months post-infection.
Cognitive deficits are evident in executive function, attention, and memory domains.