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Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 30, 2025

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Detecting Glaucoma in the Ocular Hypertension Study Using Deep Learning.

Rui Fan^1,2,3, Christopher Bowd¹, Mark Christopher¹

¹Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla.

JAMA Ophthalmology

|March 17, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Deep learning (DL) models show high accuracy in detecting primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) from fundus photos, potentially improving clinical trial efficiency. The DL model may detect POAG earlier than traditional methods.

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Last Updated: Sep 30, 2025

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A Laser-induced Mouse Model of Chronic Ocular Hypertension to Characterize Visual Defects

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Published on: August 14, 2013

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Medical Imaging
Artificial Intelligence

Background:

Automated deep learning (DL) analysis of fundus photographs offers potential cost reduction and efficiency improvements for endpoint assessment in clinical trials.
The Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS) provides a valuable dataset for training and validating diagnostic algorithms.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of DL algorithms trained on OHTS fundus photographs for detecting primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Main Methods:

A ResNet-50 model was trained and tested using 66,715 fundus photographs from 1636 OHTS participants.
The model's performance was assessed against the OHTS Endpoint Committee's POAG determination based on optic disc and/or visual field changes.
Generalizability was tested using three independent datasets.

Main Results:

The DL model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.88 for detecting POAG based on optic disc or visual field changes.
AUROCs for optic disc and visual field changes were 0.91 and 0.86, respectively.
Higher false-positive rates in early POAG-developing eyes suggest earlier detection by the DL model.

Conclusions:

DL models demonstrate high diagnostic accuracy for POAG detection using fundus photographs, indicating potential for standardizing and automating glaucoma assessment in clinical trials.
The DL model's ability to potentially detect POAG earlier than the OHTS Endpoint Committee highlights its utility in glaucoma management.