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Microengineered platforms for characterizing the contractile function of in vitro cardiac models.

Wenkun Dou1,2, Manpreet Malhi2,3, Qili Zhao4

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8 Canada.

Microsystems & Nanoengineering
|March 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Heart-on-a-chip biosensing platforms are advancing cardiac research. These tools improve in vitro cardiac model evaluation for drug testing and disease studies.

Keywords:
Biosensors

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • In Vitro Modeling

Background:

  • Heart-on-a-chip platforms offer advanced in vitro models for cardiac physiology and disease research.
  • Current limitations exist in in situ sensing capabilities for fully evaluating complex cardiac cell/tissue model functions.
  • Accurate assessment of contractility and rhythm is crucial for predictive cardiac models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in biosensing platforms for measuring contractile functions of in vitro cardiac models.
  • To evaluate current platforms based on sensing principles, measured parameters, performance, and limitations.
  • To highlight applications and discoveries in fundamental research, drug testing, and disease modeling using these platforms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on biosensing platforms for in vitro cardiac models (single cardiomyocytes, 2D monolayers, 3D tissues).
  • Analysis of platform characteristics: sensing principles, measured parameters, performance, cell sources, model configurations.
  • Discussion of platform advantages, limitations, and applications in cardiac research.

Main Results:

  • Various biosensing platforms have been developed for assessing cardiac contractile functions in vitro.
  • Platforms differ in sensing mechanisms, measured parameters (e.g., contractility, rhythm), and suitability for different cardiac models.
  • Recent advancements enable more comprehensive evaluation of in vitro cardiac models for physiological and pathological studies.

Conclusions:

  • Biosensing platforms are essential for advancing heart-on-a-chip technology.
  • Continued development is needed to overcome current limitations in in situ sensing.
  • These platforms hold significant promise for drug discovery, cardiotoxicity testing, and understanding cardiac diseases.