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Epilithic Microbial Community Functionality in Deep Oligotrophic Continental Bedrock.

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|March 18, 2022
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Summary

Deep subsurface microbial communities were enriched on mica schist, revealing diverse biofilms and metabolic capabilities crucial for life in oligotrophic environments. These rock-surface dwellers exhibit adaptability and unique survival strategies.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Geomicrobiology
  • Deep Biosphere Research
  • Microbial Ecology

Background:

  • The deep terrestrial biosphere harbors extensive rock surface communities, yet research has primarily focused on planktic microbes.
  • Understanding sessile microbial life in deep subsurface environments is crucial for comprehending Earth's biosphere.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microbial communities colonizing mica schist in the deep subsurface.
  • To characterize the structure, diversity, and metabolic potential of sessile biofilms.

Main Methods:

  • Enrichment of deep subsurface microbial communities on mica schist in microcosms.
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for biofilm visualization and morphology analysis.
  • Amplicon sequencing and metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) for community composition and metabolic profiling.

Main Results:

  • Diverse microbial morphologies and attachment strategies observed on mica schist surfaces.
  • Dominance of genera such as *Pseudomonas*, *Desulfosporosinus*, *Hydrogenophaga*, and *Brevundimonas* after prolonged incubation.
  • Identification of genes for biofilm formation and diverse metabolic pathways, including organic carbon oxidation and arsenate/selenate reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Deep subsurface microbial communities form complex biofilms on rock surfaces, demonstrating significant adaptability to oligotrophic conditions.
  • The interaction between microbes and rock surfaces is vital for sustaining life in the deep, anoxic crystalline bedrock environment.
  • These sessile communities possess versatile metabolic capabilities, enabling them to utilize various energy and carbon sources.