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Sample preparation is an essential step in the analytical process. It involves preparing a sample so that it can be analyzed accurately. The goal is to extract the analyte, the substance you want to measure, from the sample while removing any components that may interfere with the analysis. Sample preparation techniques vary depending on the physical state of the sample.
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Analytical Chemistry Throughout This Solar System.

Kenneth Marshall Seaton¹, Morgan Leigh Cable², Amanda Michelle Stockton¹

¹School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;

Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)

|March 18, 2022

Summary

Analytical chemistry instruments are crucial for exploring our solar system. This review covers key instruments from the past 20 years and future developments in planetary science.

Keywords:

astrobiology in situ instrumentation mass spectrometry planetary science remote sensing spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

Planetary Science
Analytical Chemistry
Astrogeology

Background:

Humanity has long studied solar system objects through remote sensing and in situ measurements.
Discoveries are limited by the analytical (chemical) techniques employed.
State-of-the-art analytical chemical instruments on space missions have driven major discoveries over the past 50 years.

Purpose of the Study:

To review impactful analytical chemical instruments used in planetary science missions over the last 20 years.
To discuss the implications of data gathered from these instruments.
To examine future instruments and their potential contributions.

Main Methods:

Review of mission-based remote and in situ spectroscopic techniques.
Analysis of in situ chemical separation and mass spectrometry methods.
Examination of instrument capabilities and scientific outcomes.

Main Results:

Highlighting key spectroscopic techniques (remote and in situ).
Discussing in situ separation and mass spectrometry analyses.
Examining findings from Venus, Mars, Titan, and other celestial bodies.

Conclusions:

Analytical chemistry is fundamental to understanding our solar system.
The intersection of scientific questions, analytical tools, and data has advanced planetary science.
Future instruments promise further breakthroughs in exploring beyond Earth.