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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Case for diagnosis. Radiotherapy-induced pemphigus vegetans.

Hiram Larangeira de Almeida1, Antônia Larangeira de Almeida2, Pedro Henrique Evangelista Martinez2

  • 1Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Departamento de Dermatologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.

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A patient developed radiotherapy-induced pemphigus vegetans after anal cancer treatment. This rare condition presented as painful skin erosion and responded well to corticosteroid therapy.

Keywords:
Pemphigus vegetansRadiotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal is a rare malignancy.
  • Chemoradiotherapy, including 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and radiation, is a standard treatment for anal cancer.
  • Complete remission is often achieved with chemoradiotherapy.

Observation:

  • A 73-year-old male patient presented with painful perianal and intergluteal erosion with pustular borders 45 days after completing chemoradiotherapy for anal squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Histopathological examination revealed pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, microabscesses, and acantholytic keratinocytes.
  • Indirect immunofluorescence showed a positive IgG intercellular pattern at a 1:80 titer.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with radiotherapy-induced pemphigus vegetans.
  • The condition showed significant regression with oral prednisone and topical betamethasone treatment.

Implications:

  • Radiotherapy-induced pemphigus vegetans is a rare but treatable adverse effect of cancer therapy.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management with corticosteroids are crucial for patient outcomes.
  • This case highlights the importance of recognizing paraneoplastic or treatment-related dermatological conditions in cancer patients.