The effect of hyperemesis gravidarum on voice and dysphagia: a comparative study

This study aims to determine the voice and gastrointestinal system changes of patients with hyperemesis gravidarum in the first trimester and to compare them with healthy pregnant women.

This study was conducted prospectively. Two groups were defined as hyperemesis and healthy pregnant women. All the participants in the groups are between 20-42 years old and 6-12 weeks pregnant. Voice evaluation of all participants was made with the voice handicap index-10 (VHI-10). The Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) was used for Dysphagia evaluation. The groups were compared, and the significance level was determined as p<.05.

In terms of mean age and week of gestation, both groups were matched. There was a statistically significant difference in total VHI-10 between the control and HG group. In terms of the EAT-10 on the other hand subjective swallowing problem, higher scores (more problematic) were observed in the HG group. There was no statistically significant correlation between age and VHI-10, VHI-10 sub-scores, or EAT-10.

Compared to healthy pregnant women, hyperemesis gravidarum affects the voice quality negatively and increases gastrointestinal complaints. Although these are shown with subjective parameters in this study, there is a need for studies that will make an objective evaluation.