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Comparing Reminders Sent via SMS Text Messaging and Email for Improving Adherence to an Electronic Health Program:

Adam Kulhánek^1,2, Katerina Lukavska^1,2,3, Roman Gabrhelík^1,2

¹Department of Addictology, General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.

JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth

|March 18, 2022

Summary

SMS text message or email reminders do not significantly impact adherence to eHealth smoking cessation programs or quit attempt rates. Emails may be a more cost-effective option for program developers.

Keywords:

SMS text messaging adherence eHealth email randomized controlled trial reminders smoking cessation text message

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Area of Science:

Digital Health
Behavioral Science
Public Health

Background:

eHealth interventions show promise for behavior change, such as smoking cessation.
Reminders via SMS text messaging or email can potentially improve adherence to web-based programs.
The comparative effectiveness of different communication modalities for reminders remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the impact of SMS text messaging versus email reminders on adherence to an eHealth smoking cessation program.
To assess the effect of reminder modality on the likelihood of initiating a quit attempt.

Main Methods:

A two-armed randomized controlled trial involving 591 smokers who failed to log on to the program.
Participants were randomized to receive either SMS text message reminders (n=304) or email reminders (n=287).
Adherence was measured by the number of completed program sessions, and the outcome was the quit smoking attempt rate.

Main Results:

Neither SMS text message nor email reminders significantly affected program adherence (mean sessions: 4.30 vs 4.36, P=.84).
Reminder modality did not significantly influence the quit smoking attempt rate (34.2% vs 31.7%, P=.52).
Secondary analyses indicated that age, gender, and education impacted adherence, with a potential interaction between reminder mode and gender on adherence.

Conclusions:

The communication modality for user reminders does not enhance adherence or increase quit attempts in this eHealth smoking cessation program.
Email reminders may be a more cost-effective choice for program developers compared to SMS text message reminders.
Further research is needed to explore potential interactions between reminder modality and user characteristics like gender.