Emergence of ocular toxicities associated with novel anticancer therapeutics: What the oncologist needs to know

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Ophthalmology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Precision oncology utilizes molecularly targeted agents (MTAs) as frontline cancer treatments.
• While MTAs offer targeted therapy, the eye's unique microenvironment makes it susceptible to off-target toxicities.
• Ocular side effects from MTAs can impact patient quality of life and treatment adherence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review FDA-approved molecularly targeted agents (MTAs) used in cancer treatment.
• To identify and describe the ocular toxicities associated with these MTAs.
• To provide insights into the mechanisms, frequency, severity, and management of MTA-induced ocular toxicities.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of FDA-approved molecularly targeted agents (MTAs).
• Analysis of reported ocular toxicities, including mechanisms, incidence, and clinical presentation.
• Compilation of current management and mitigation strategies for ocular side effects.

Main Results:

• Commonly used MTAs are associated with a range of ocular toxicities.
• Ocular toxicities vary in mechanism, frequency, and severity depending on the specific MTA.
• Effective management strategies can help mitigate or treat these adverse events.

Conclusions:

• Increased awareness among clinicians regarding potential ocular toxicities is essential.
• Early diagnosis and individualized risk assessment are crucial for managing eye-related side effects.
• Enhanced communication between oncologists and ophthalmologists can improve patient outcomes and treatment tolerance.