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Quantitative evaluation of dosimetric uncertainties associated with small electron fields.

Imad Ali1, Ethan Kendall2, Nesreen Alsbou3

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 800 N.E. 10th Street, OKCC L100, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States.

Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences
|March 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Accurate dosimetry for small electron fields is challenging due to various factors. Discrepancies up to 55% were observed between measured and calculated doses, especially at lower energies, highlighting the need for improved algorithms.

Keywords:
BremsstrahlungCommissioning dataDose calculation algorithmDosimetric uncertaintiesSmall field electron dosimetry

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Radiotherapy Physics

Background:

  • Small electron fields present unique dosimetric challenges, including lack of charged particle equilibrium and bremsstrahlung production.
  • Existing dose calculation algorithms are often commissioned for large fields, leading to uncertainties in small field dosimetry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dosimetric uncertainties in small electron fields.
  • To compare dose measurements using various detectors with calculations from the eMC algorithm.

Main Methods:

  • Measured output factors, depth dose curves, and dose profiles for small electron field cutouts (15-50mm) at energies from 6-20MeV.
  • Utilized small ion chambers and diodes for measurements.
  • Employed the eMC dose calculation algorithm for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Large deviations (up to 55%) between measured and calculated output factors for small fields (15mm), particularly at lower energies (6MeV).
  • Discrepancies increased with decreasing electron beam energy.
  • Measured dose profiles indicated enhanced dose deposition outside small fields due to unmodeled bremsstrahlung.

Conclusions:

  • Electron small field dosimetry requires comprehensive consideration of beam quality, scatter, and bremsstrahlung.
  • Current electron dose calculation algorithms need enhancement and validation for small field applications.
  • Vendors should develop specialized tools for accurate small electron field dosimetry.