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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Climate Change Studies
  • Food Security Research

Background:

  • Climate change is widely recognized as a threat to global food security.
  • Existing literature often focuses on mechanisms, production impacts, or future projections, rather than current food insecurity.
  • There is a need to quantify the direct impact of current climate change on food insecurity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent to which current food insecurity can be attributed to climate change.
  • To analyze the evolving relationship between temperature anomalies and food insecurity over time.
  • To provide empirical evidence on the impact of climate change on global food security.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized panel data regression with time-varying coefficients for 83 countries.
  • Combined Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) data with ERA5-Land reanalyzed climate data.
  • Controlled for Human Development Index and drought severity (Standardized Precipitation Index).

Main Results:

  • A 1°C temperature anomaly increased severe global food insecurity by 1.4% in 2014 and 1.64% in 2019.
  • For moderate to severe food insecurity, a 1°C anomaly increased insecurity by 1.58% in 2014 and 2.14% in 2019.
  • Climate change has reversed some food security improvements, with the most significant impact observed in Africa.

Conclusions:

  • The magnitude of climate change's impact on food insecurity has increased over time.
  • Climate change poses a significant threat to current food security, necessitating urgent action.
  • Targeted policies addressing local contexts, crop yields, safety nets, and resilience are crucial for mitigating food insecurity.