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Interferences in immunoassays: review and practical algorithm.

Loris Wauthier1, Mario Plebani2, Julien Favresse1,3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinique St-Luc Bouge, Namur, Belgium.

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
|March 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immunoassays are crucial for measuring complex molecules but can be affected by interferences. This review presents an algorithm to help clinical laboratories identify and manage these interferences effectively.

Keywords:
algorithmimmunoassayinterferencepatient care

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Laboratory Medicine
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Immunoassays are widely used for measuring diverse molecules due to automation, speed, specificity, and sensitivity.
  • Despite their advantages, immunoassays are susceptible to interferences, potentially causing diagnostic errors and inappropriate patient management.
  • Systematic interference analysis is often impractical in clinical settings due to resource constraints, leading to a case-by-case approach for aberrant results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on immunoassay interferences.
  • To propose a structured algorithm for interference detection and identification in clinical laboratories.
  • To provide guidance for laboratory specialists in managing potential interferences and improving diagnostic accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review on immunoassay interferences.
  • Development of a practical algorithm for interference workup.
  • Discussion of strategies for rationalizing laboratory specialist approaches.

Main Results:

  • Immunoassay interferences can significantly impact patient care, leading to misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment.
  • A proposed algorithm guides the process from suspecting interference to employing specific tests for identification.
  • The review highlights the need for a systematic yet practical approach to manage interferences.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of immunoassay interferences is critical for patient safety and accurate diagnostics.
  • The proposed algorithm offers a framework for clinical laboratories to systematically address aberrant immunoassay results.
  • Collaboration between laboratory specialists, clinicians, and manufacturers is essential for advancing immunoassay technology and minimizing interference issues.