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Arc and forearc rifting in the Tyrrhenian subduction system
M Corradino1, A Balazs2, C Faccenna3,4
1Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 22, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
Scientific Reports
|March 19, 2022
Summary
Forearc and backarc evolution are linked through arc-rifting, driven by fluids and melts. This process formed a backarc basin and influenced subsequent forearc rifting in the Tyrrhenian subduction system.
Area of Science:
- Geology
- Geophysics
- Tectonics
Background:
- Forearc and backarc domains are typically studied independently due to their separation by volcanic arcs.
- The Tyrrhenian subduction system provides a unique setting to investigate the interplay between these domains.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the spatial and temporal relationships between forearc and backarc evolution.
- To understand the mechanisms driving arc-rifting and basin formation in a subduction zone.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of seismic profiles.
- Numerical modeling of tectonic processes.
Main Results:
- Arc-rifting during the Pliocene, involving the Marsili volcano, led to the formation of an oceanic backarc basin approximately 1.8 million years ago.
- A new volcanic arc formed around 1 million years ago in the forearc domain, initiating forearc-rifting.
- Fluids and melts were identified as key factors weakening the volcanic arc and driving arc-rifting and backarc basin development.
Conclusions:
- The study demonstrates a direct link between volcanic arc weakening, arc-rifting, and backarc basin formation.
- Slab rollback influenced volcanism migration, leading to forearc-rifting controlled by fluids from the downgoing plate.
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