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The sympathetic chain ganglia, also known as the sympathetic trunk ganglia or paravertebral ganglia, are a series of ganglia located bilaterally on either side of the spinal column. These ganglia serve as relay stations for the sympathetic nervous system. Preganglionic neurons originating in the spinal cord project their axons to the sympathetic chain ganglia. Within the ganglia, these preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic neurons.The postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic trunk...
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The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
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The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.
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The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 29, 2025

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Spinal Ganglioneuroma.

Jacob L Goldberg1, Jiankun Tong2, Lynn B McGrath1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York.

World Neurosurgery
|March 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A rare ganglioneuroma caused spinal cord compression in a 57-year-old man. Surgical resection via hemilaminectomy, facetectomy, and fusion led to a good clinical outcome.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Ganglioneuromas are rare, benign tumors originating from neural crest cells.
  • They can occur along the entire neuroaxis, presenting a diagnostic challenge.
  • These tumors may cause symptoms due to neural compression or hormonal secretion.

Observation:

  • A 57-year-old man presented with low back pain and an incidental paraspinal mass.
  • The mass invaded the spinal canal, causing significant spinal cord compression.
  • Surgical intervention included T11-12 hemilaminectomy, facetectomy, and instrumented fusion.

Findings:

  • Pathology confirmed the lesion as a ganglioneuroma.
  • Gross total resection was achieved with a favorable clinical outcome.
Keywords:
PathologySpinal ganglioneuroma

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  • Morphology is the primary diagnostic criterion for ganglioneuroma.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the importance of considering rare spinal tumors in the differential diagnosis.
    • Surgical management can be effective for symptomatic ganglioneuromas.
    • Understanding the neuroblastic origin is key to diagnosing and managing these lesions.