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Clinical Profile and Long-Term Outcomes in Pediatric Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis

Cemal Karakas1, Yusif Hajiyev2, Henry C Skrehot3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Norton Children's Medical Group, Louisville, Kentucky.

Pediatric Neurology
|March 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is rare, but most children experience good outcomes. This study found no specific clinical factors predicted the resolution of CST in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Vascular Neurology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Pediatric cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a rare condition with limited clinical and long-term outcome data.
  • Understanding CST's characteristics is crucial for improving patient management and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe clinical and radiologic features of pediatric CST.
  • To evaluate diagnostic methods, management strategies, and long-term prognosis.
  • To identify clinical variables associated with long-term outcomes in pediatric CST.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of pediatric patients (<18 years) diagnosed with CST.
  • Data collected from 2004 to 2018 at a single institution.
  • Analysis of clinical variables, treatments, and follow-up neuroimaging outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 16 pediatric patients (mean age 7.6 years) were identified with a mean follow-up of 29 months.
  • Common symptoms included eyelid swelling; common etiologies were sinusitis and orbital cellulitis.
  • Most patients received antibiotics and anticoagulation; one patient died. Twelve patients had normal follow-up examinations.
  • No clinical variables significantly predicted thrombosis resolution on follow-up neuroimaging.

Conclusions:

  • This study represents one of the largest cohorts with the longest follow-up for pediatric CST.
  • The majority of pediatric patients with CST experienced favorable outcomes.
  • No specific clinical variables were found to be statistically significant in predicting the resolution of CST.
Abstract

Keywords:
CSTCavernous sinusSinusitisSurgeryThrombosis

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