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Heterogeneity-induced lane and band formation in self-driven particle systems
Basma Khelfa1, Raphael Korbmacher1, Andreas Schadschneider2
1School for Mechanical Engineering and Safety Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
Scientific Reports
|March 20, 2022
Summary
Heterogeneity in self-driven particle systems can cause segregation, forming lanes or bands. These ordered patterns emerge from static or dynamic variations in particle characteristics and interactions.
Area of Science:
- Physics
- Complex Systems
- Statistical Mechanics
Background:
- Collective motion in self-driven particles underlies self-organization phenomena.
- Observed patterns include alignment, lane formation, and other ordered structures.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the impact of heterogeneity on two-species self-driven particle systems.
- Identify mechanisms by which heterogeneity induces segregation and pattern formation.
Main Methods:
- Simulations of a two-species self-driven particle system.
- Analysis of quenched disorder (static heterogeneity in agent characteristics).
- Analysis of annealed disorder (dynamic heterogeneity in interactions).
Main Results:
- Heterogeneity generically initiates segregation in particle motion.
- Static heterogeneity (quenched disorder) leads to longitudinal lanes.
- Dynamic heterogeneity (annealed disorder) results in transverse bands.
- Non-linear transitions from disordered to ordered states (lanes/bands) observed with increasing heterogeneity.
- Observed in first and second-order motion models with varying particle parameters.
Conclusions:
- Heterogeneity is a key factor driving segregation and pattern formation in self-driven particle systems.
- Distinct mechanisms of heterogeneity lead to different emergent structures (lanes vs. bands).
- Observed collective dynamics are transient, stationary, and robust to perturbations.
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