Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 29, 2025
Isolation and Time-Lapse Imaging of Primary Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchyme Cells to Analyze Collective Movement Attributes
Published on: February 13, 2021
Neurocognitive development in isolated Robin sequence treated with the Tuebingen palatal plate
Andreas Naros1,2, Irene Steiner-Wilke3,4, Nadja Kaiser3,4
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tuebingen University Hospital, Osianderstrasse 2-8, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany. andreas.naros@med.uni-tuebingen.de.
Objectives:
We aimed to determine the neurocognitive development of cleft palate patients with and without Robin sequence (RS).
Materials And Methods:
Children with isolated RS with cleft palate and children with cleft palate only (CPO) were contacted at the age of 5-6 years. All RS children had undergone initial polygraphic sleep study (PG) with a mixed-obstructive apnea index (MOAI) of ≥ 3/h and were consequently treated with the Tuebingen palatal plate. A standardized clinical examination as well as a neuropediatric and neuropsychological examination included the Wechsler Pre-school and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-III), Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC), and an assessment of developmental milestones.
Results:
In total, 44 children (22RS, 22CPO) were included. RS children were younger at study (70.5 ± 7.3 and 75.2 ± 7.5 months; P = .035). Both groups achieved the evaluated milestones within the normed time frame. WPPSI-III and K-ABC results showed no group differences. Mean values for Verbal IQ (101.8 ± 11.1 vs. 97.1 ± 15.7), Performance IQ (102.9 ± 12.1 vs. 99.6 ± 14.5), Processing Speed Quotient (98.9 ± 15.6 vs. 94.5 ± 15.7), Full-Scale IQ (103.2 ± 12.1 vs. 98.4 ± 15.3), and Sequential Processing Scale (102.1 ± 13.1 vs. 94.2 ± 17.3) were within the reference range (IQ 85-115) for RS and CPO children, respectively, indicating average performance of both groups.
Conclusion:
No neurocognitive, physical, or mental impairments were detected suggesting that RS children having upper airway obstruction (UAO) treated early and effectively may use their potential for an age-appropriate neurocognitive development.
Clinical Relevance:
Tuebingen palatal plate treatment successfully releases UAO. Thus, isolated RS does not necessarily result in developmental delay or an impaired neurocognitive outcome.
Trial Registration:
Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien, DRKS00006831, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/.
