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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

19.4K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
19.4K
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

18.3K
Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
18.3K
Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

27.6K
Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
27.6K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

28.1K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
28.1K
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

20.5K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
20.5K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

45.0K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
45.0K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication
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Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication

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Multiple 2D Phase Transformations in Monolayer Transition Metal Chalcogenides.

Jinhua Hong1, Xi Chen2, Pai Li3

  • 1Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|March 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists precisely controlled nanoscale phase transformations in 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) using in situ electron microscopy. This enables new phase-engineered electronics and optoelectronics.

Keywords:
2D phase transformationsatomic mechanismschalcogen deficiencyin situ electron microscopystoichiometrytransition metal dichalcogenides

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Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV
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Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

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Ohmic Contact Fabrication Using a Focused-ion Beam Technique and Electrical Characterization for Layer Semiconductor Nanostructures
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Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Phase transformations are crucial for controlling solid-state properties.
  • Manipulating nanoscale phase transformations with designed interfaces and compositions remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate novel 2D phases with controlled stoichiometries in monolayer MoS2 and MoSe2.
  • To investigate the atomic mechanisms and resulting electronic property changes of these nanoscale phase transformations.

Main Methods:

  • In situ electron microscopy was utilized to observe and induce phase transformations.
  • Atomic mechanisms including chalcogen sliding, cation shifts, and lattice reconstructions were determined.

Main Results:

  • Novel multiphase transformations (MoS2 → Mo4S6 and MoSe2 → Mo6Se6) were observed with atomically sharp boundaries.
  • These transformations led to decreased direct bandgaps and a semiconductor-to-metal transition.
  • The study identified key atomic mechanisms driving these phase changes.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide a new paradigm for manipulating multiphase heterostructures with controlled compositions and sharp interfaces.
  • This work will guide the development of future phase-engineered electronics and optoelectronics based on metal chalcogenides.