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Suppurative complications following BCG vaccine in 2 Nepalese children

Uttara Gautam1, Ashish Lal Shrestha2, Aakash Mishra3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012)
|March 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Rare suppurative local complications following the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine can occur. Prompt identification and management are crucial for successful treatment and patient recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Vaccinology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is widely administered globally.
  • Awareness of BCG vaccine's common and adverse reactions is essential for healthcare providers.
  • Local and systemic complications necessitate accurate diagnosis for prompt therapeutic intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report two rare cases of suppurative local complications following BCG vaccination.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing and managing these adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • Case 1: A nine-month-old boy with a BCG inoculation site swelling, fever, and purulent discharge, managed conservatively.
  • Case 2: A 14-month-old boy with a tuberculous lymph nodal abscess in the axilla post-BCG, treated with needle aspiration and anti-tubercular therapy.
  • Diagnostic confirmation using Gene Xpert in Case 2.

Main Results:

  • Both reported cases of rare suppurative local BCG complications resolved completely.
  • Conservative management was effective in Case 1.
  • Surgical aspiration and anti-tubercular therapy led to complete resolution in Case 2.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians should be aware of potential suppurative complications from BCG vaccination.
  • Pharmacovigilance of BCG scar reactions and suppurative complications is vital.
  • Timely identification and appropriate management ensure favorable patient outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
BCG abscessBCG adenitisBCG complicationsTB

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