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Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System
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Smoking Attributable Risk in Multiple Sclerosis.

Ali Manouchehrinia1, Jesse Huang1, Jan Hillert1

  • 1Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

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|March 21, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Smoking significantly increases multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. At least 13% of MS cases could be prevented by avoiding tobacco, highlighting smoking cessation as a key prevention strategy.

Keywords:
attributable fractionmultiple sclerosisrisk factorsmokingtobacco

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Tobacco smoke is a major modifiable environmental risk factor for developing multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Understanding the population attributable fraction (AF) quantifies smoking's contribution to MS risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To calculate the population attributable fraction (AF) of MS attributable to smoking.
  • To stratify AF by sex, smoking status, and genetic risk scores (HLA and non-HLA).

Main Methods:

  • A matched case-control study involving 9,419 individuals with MS and 9,419 population-based controls.
  • Logistic regression models were used to estimate overall, sex-stratified, and genetic risk score-stratified AF.
  • Smoking status (ever smoked, currently smoking, ex-smoker) was assessed at the time of MS onset.

Main Results:

  • The overall population attributable fraction (AF) of MS due to smoking was 13.1%.
  • AF was higher in males (19.1%) compared to females (10.6%) and substantial in current smokers.
  • AF was higher in individuals with lower genetic risk scores (HLA and non-HLA), with a noted decline in recent birth cohorts.

Conclusions:

  • Approximately 13% of multiple sclerosis cases could be prevented by avoiding tobacco smoking.
  • Smoking cessation represents a significant public health opportunity for MS prevention.
  • The impact of smoking on MS risk varies by sex and genetic predisposition.