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Updated: Sep 29, 2025

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Maternal acceptance-rejection, self-compassion and empathy in mothers of children with intellectual and developmental

Shahrooz Nemati1, Nazila Shojaeian2, Agustin Ernesto Martínez-González3

  • 1Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

International Journal of Developmental Disabilities
|March 21, 2022
PubMed

Objective This study aimed to determine the link between Parental Acceptance-Rejection (PAR) and empathy and self-compassion in mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs). Method: The sample consists of 161 mothers who received pre-school education with children diagnosed with IDDs in Iran. The parental acceptance-rejection questionnaire, empathy questionnaire, and self-compassion scale were used as the data collection instruments, which have been analyzed through canonical correlation test. Results: There is a positive correlation between children's self-empathy and self-compassion and the PAR, and there is no significant relationship between mother's affection levels and empathy levels, but there is a significant negative relationship between mother's affection levels and child's self-compassion levels. Conclusion: when the PAR level increases, self-compassion level decreases. It provides support to predict a significant relationship between the mothers' acceptance-rejection variables who have an IDD child and empathy and self-compassion.

Keywords:
empathyintellectual and developmental disabilities childrenmothersparental acceptance-rejectionself-compassion

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