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Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen01:14

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A device engineer plays a crucial role in designing user interfaces for mobile devices. One such interface is the resistive touchscreen, which fundamentally consists of two metallic layers: a flexible upper layer and a rigid lower layer, separated by a narrow gap. The high resistance between these two layers is a key characteristic of this design.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Development of a Novel Task-oriented Rehabilitation Program using a Bimanual Exoskeleton Robotic Hand
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Exodex Adam-A Reconfigurable Dexterous Haptic User Interface for the Whole Hand.

Neal Y Lii1, Aaron Pereira1, Julian Dietl2

  • 1Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany.

Frontiers in Robotics and AI
|March 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The DLR Exodex Adam is a new whole-hand haptic device enhancing robot teleoperation and virtual reality. It offers improved immersion and control by providing full-hand force feedback, unlike fingertip-only devices.

Keywords:
hand exoskeletonshaptic user interfacehuman–machine interface (HMI)human–robot interface (HRI)teleoperation

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Virtual Reality

Background:

  • Growing applications in dexterous robot teleoperation and immersive virtual reality.
  • Need for haptic input devices that allow intuitive command and environmental feedback.
  • Existing devices often focus only on fingertip interaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the DLR Exodex Adam, a reconfigurable, dexterous, whole-hand haptic input device.
  • Enable deeper immersion and more intuitive control in virtual and remote environments.
  • Demonstrate the device's versatility across various teleoperation and VR applications.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a modular device with reconfigurable 3-DOF robotic fingers for user hand size optimization.
  • Integrated the device onto a 7-DOF robot arm to expand the workspace.
  • Utilized a front-facing interface with robotic fingers coupled to fingertips, thumb, and palm for whole-hand tracking without extra sensors.

Main Results:

  • Achieved accurate whole-hand tracking without external sensors like data gloves.
  • Provided omnidirectional force-feedback for complete hand interaction, enhancing immersion.
  • Enabled a range of interactions from palpation to power and precision grasps with haptic feedback.

Conclusions:

  • The DLR Exodex Adam offers a novel approach to whole-hand haptic interaction.
  • The device significantly enhances immersion and control in teleoperation and virtual reality.
  • Successful deployment in mixed-media VR, gesture-based telemanipulation, and robotic hand-arm teleoperation.