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Updated: Sep 29, 2025
A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
Published on: February 7, 2025
Expression of Peripheral Blood DCs CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2 in Sepsis Patients and Their Value on Survival Prediction
Ke Du1, Shaobo Hao1, Heyun Luan1
1Department of Emergency, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China.
Insights
Peripheral blood dendritic cell markers CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2 levels are elevated in non-survivors of sepsis. Combined detection of these markers offers the highest predictive value for sepsis patient prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection.
- Immune dysregulation, particularly involving dendritic cells (DCs) and T-helper cell subsets (Th1/Th2), plays a critical role in sepsis pathogenesis and outcomes.
- Identifying reliable biomarkers for sepsis prognosis is crucial for timely clinical intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression levels of peripheral blood dendritic cell markers CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2 in sepsis patients.
- To evaluate the prognostic value of these markers, individually and in combination, for predicting sepsis survival.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 118 sepsis patients was divided into death (n=46) and survival (n=72) groups.
- Peripheral blood levels of DCs CD86, CD80, Th1/Th2, APACHE II score, procalcitonin (PCT), heparin-binding protein (HBP), and myocardial enzyme indexes were measured.
- Statistical analysis, including correlation and ROC curve analysis, was performed to assess marker associations and predictive accuracy.
Main Results:
- Patients in the death group exhibited significantly higher levels of CD86, CD80, Th1/Th2, APACHE II score, PCT, HBP, and myocardial enzymes compared to the survival group (P < 0.05).
- Peripheral blood DCs CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2 levels were positively correlated with PCT, HBP, and myocardial enzymes (P < 0.05).
- The combined detection of DCs CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2 demonstrated a high area under the curve (AUC) of 0.951 for prognosis prediction, outperforming individual markers.
Conclusions:
- Sepsis patients who did not survive showed elevated peripheral blood levels of CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2, indicating immune imbalance.
- The combined assessment of peripheral blood DCs CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2 is a highly valuable tool for predicting sepsis patient prognosis.
Objective:
To explore the expression of peripheral blood dendritic cells (DCs) CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2 in patients with sepsis and their value on survival prediction.
Methods:
118 patients with sepsis from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected, According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into the death group (n = 46) and survival group (n = 72). The general data and pathogen division of the two groups were collected, and the levels of peripheral blood DCs CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2; APACHE II score; inflammatory factor (procalcitonin (PCT)); and cell growth chemokine (GRO) were compared between the two groups heparin-binding protein (HBP) and myocardial enzyme indexes (creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isozyme (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) to explore the relationship between CD86, CD80, Th1/Th2, and various serological indexes and the evaluation value of prognosis.
Results:
124 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 118 patients, including 78 strains of gram-negative bacteria (62.90%), 31 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (25.00%), and 15 strains of fungi (12.10%). The scores of CD86, CD80, Th1, Th2, Th1/Th2, and APACHE II in the dead group were higher than those in the surviving group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). PCT, GRO-α, HBP, LDH, CK-MB, and CK levels of patients in death group were higher than those in survival group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of peripheral blood DCs CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2 were positively correlated with PCT, GRO-α, HBP, LDH, CK-MB, and CK (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of the combined detection of DCs CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2 in peripheral blood was 0.951, which was higher than 0.882, 0.883, and 0.734 of single index (P < 0.05).
Conclusion:
All patients with sepsis have immune imbalance, and the peripheral blood CD86, CD80, and Th1/Th2 of the dead patients are higher than those of the survivors. The combined detection of these three indicators has the highest predictive value for the prognosis of patients.
