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Effectiveness of Impregnated Central Venous Catheters on Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection in Pediatrics

Zhengrong Deng1,2, Jiangwei Qin3, Huanbin Sun4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|March 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobial-impregnated central venous catheters (CVCs) significantly reduce catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) in pediatric patients. This meta-analysis confirms their benefit in preventing serious CVC complications.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • The use of central venous catheters (CVCs) in pediatric patients is associated with the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs).
  • The efficacy and safety of antimicrobial-impregnated CVCs for preventing CRBSIs in children are debated.
  • This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of impregnated CVCs in pediatric CRBSI prevention.

Approach:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to March 2021.
  • A fixed-effects model was used to calculate pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CRBSI risk.
  • Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test, and heterogeneity was evaluated using chi-square and I-squared statistics, with sensitivity and subgroup analyses performed.

Key Points:

  • Six RCTs involving 3,091 pediatric patients were included in the meta-analysis.
  • Impregnated CVCs demonstrated a significant reduction in the risk of CRBSI (RR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.26-0.66) in the pediatric population.
  • No significant publication bias was detected for CRBSI risk. Drug type emerged as a factor contributing to heterogeneity among studies.

Conclusions:

  • Antimicrobial-impregnated CVCs are effective in preventing CRBSIs in pediatric patients.
  • These findings support the use of impregnated CVCs to reduce CVC-related complications in children.
  • Further research may explore the impact of specific drug types on CVC efficacy.
Abstract

Keywords:
antibioticsbloodstream infectioncentral venous cathetersimpregnationspediatrics

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