New Advances in Targeted Therapy of HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
Junsha An1, Cheng Peng2, Xiaofang Xie2
1Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Abstract:
Breast cancer has an extremely high incidence in women, and its morbidity and mortality rank first among female tumors. With the increasing development of molecular biology and genomics, molecular targeted therapy has become one of the most active areas in breast cancer treatment research and has also achieved remarkable achievements. However, molecular targeted therapy is mainly aimed at HER2-positive breast cancer and has not yet achieved satisfactory curative effect on HER2-negative breast cancer. This article describes the potential targets that may be used for breast cancer treatment from the aspects of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, DDR, angiogenesis, the cell cycle, breast cancer stem cells, etc., and explores possible inhibitors for the treatment of HER2-negative breast cancer, such as PI3K inhibitors, AKT inhibitors and m-TOR inhibitors that inhibit the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors that restrain angiogenesis, CDK inhibitors, aurora kinase inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors that block cell cycle, as well as the drugs targeting breast cancer stem cells which have been a hit, aiming to provide a new idea and strategy for the treatment of HER2-negative breast cancer.
Insights
This study explores new treatments for HER2-negative breast cancer, focusing on molecular targets beyond HER2. It identifies potential inhibitors for pathways like PI3K/AKT, angiogenesis, cell cycle, and breast cancer stem cells to improve patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- Breast cancer is a leading cause of death in women, with targeted therapies showing success primarily in HER2-positive cases.
- HER2-negative breast cancer currently lacks effective targeted treatment options, necessitating research into alternative therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and explore novel molecular targets and potential inhibitors for the treatment of HER2-negative breast cancer.
- To provide new therapeutic strategies for HER2-negative breast cancer by investigating various signaling pathways and cellular mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Review of potential therapeutic targets including the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, DNA Damage Response (DDR), angiogenesis, cell cycle regulation, and breast cancer stem cells.
- Exploration of specific inhibitors such as PI3K, AKT, mTOR, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, CDK, aurora kinase, and HDAC inhibitors, as well as drugs targeting cancer stem cells.
Main Results:
- The PI3K/AKT pathway, DDR, angiogenesis, cell cycle, and breast cancer stem cells represent promising targets for HER2-negative breast cancer.
- Various inhibitors targeting these pathways and cellular components show potential for therapeutic intervention.
Conclusions:
- Targeting pathways like PI3K/AKT, angiogenesis, cell cycle, and breast cancer stem cells offers a new avenue for treating HER2-negative breast cancer.
- Further research into these molecular targets and their inhibitors is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies.
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