Pharmacogenomics and clinical cultural competency: pathway to overcome the limitations of race

Global migration trends are accelerating population admixture. Increasing population diversity met with minority health disparities necessitates thoughtful training of health professional students. Health professional accreditation standards emphasize pharmacogenomics and clinical cultural competency (CCC); however, published studies focus on students' knowledge in pharmacogenomics alone. This report reviews considerations for integrating CCC into required pharmacogenomic education in pharmacy and other health disciplines. By coupling both topics during didactic training and active learning exercises repeated throughout the existing curriculum, students can become adept at these individualized patient care skills and retain their knowledge into their careers. Moving beyond race as a proxy for healthcare decision-making, the CCC of clinicians coupled with patients' genetic test results could empower clinicians to address health disparities and facilitate discussions about the role of race in clinical practice. Ultimately, an integrated approach of teaching pharmacogenomics and CCC could dismantle race-norming or race-based clinical practices.