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Characteristics of International Medical Graduates in Academic Plastic Surgery
Francesco M Egro1, Julia Lai1, Nallammai Muthiah1
1From the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.
Background:
International medical graduates play a significant role in meeting U.S. health care needs, and contribute to a more diverse provider workforce. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and academic productivity of plastic surgery international medical graduate faculty.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare characteristics of international medical graduates against domestic medical graduates including demographics, trainings, academic ranks, leadership positions, number of publications and citations, and Hirsch index.
Results:
International medical graduates represent 10.3 percent of all 918 academic plastic surgeons in the United States, with the majority having graduated from India (16.8 percent), Brazil (8.4 percent), and the United Kingdom (8.4 percent). International medical graduates were more likely to have graduated from independent programs (OR, 5.7; p < 0.0001) and to have completed research fellowship (OR, 2.1; p = 0.0001) and burn fellowship (OR, 6.5; p < 0.0001). Programs led by international medical graduate chairs employed more international medical graduate faculty (21 percent versus 9 percent; p < 0.0001). International medical graduates had comparable Hirsch indices, number of publications, and citations, but received less National Institutes of Health funding ($32,020 versus $223,365). International medical graduates also had comparable rates of attaining leadership positions such as fellowship director and chair but required fewer years of experience to become residency director (8.3 years versus 17.3 years).
Conclusions:
The contribution of international medical graduates in academic plastic surgery was evident based on research productivity, academic ranks, and leadership positions. International medical graduates are more likely to be employed in programs led by international medical graduate chairs. This study may help guide aspiring international medical graduate academics and aid in hiring decisions at academic institutions.
