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Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Adults With Chronic Conditions
Beth Fields1, Stacy Smallfield2
1Beth Fields, PhD, OTR/L, BCG, is Assistant Professor, Department of Kinesiology Occupational Therapy Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison; befields2@wisc.edu.
Summary
Occupational therapy practitioners can improve chronic condition self-management in adults using evidence-based, multimodal interventions. This guideline emphasizes education, goal setting, and problem-solving for lasting self-management habits.
Area of Science:
- Occupational therapy
- Chronic disease management
- Self-management interventions
Background:
- Increasing demand for occupational therapy (OT) to manage chronic conditions in adults.
- Chronic conditions include heart disease, lung disease, diabetes, and kidney disease.
- Self-management interventions cover daily activities, instrumental activities, work, leisure, and caregiver roles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To guide occupational therapy practitioners in clinical decision-making for adults with chronic conditions.
- To provide evidence-based recommendations for self-management interventions.
- To support practitioners in addressing occupational challenges faced by clients with chronic conditions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic reviews of literature on self-management interventions.
- Integration of clinical recommendations from four systematic reviews.
- Inclusion of supporting literature and expert opinion.
Main Results:
- 102 articles were included in the systematic reviews.
- Strong to moderate evidence supports self-management interventions.
- Multimodal approach (education, goal setting, problem-solving) is recommended.
Conclusions:
- Recommend a multimodal approach for establishing self-management habits.
- Suggest a prevention approach focusing on habits and shared goal setting.
- Practice guideline summarizes evidence to enhance OT's role in chronic condition self-management.
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