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Updated: Sep 29, 2025

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
Published on: August 14, 2019
Clinical assessment of lower urinary tract symptoms in adults
1University of the West of England, Bristol, England, and Florence Nightingale Foundation scholar.
Abstract:
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) result from conditions and diseases that affect the bladder and the urethra, and can occur in men and women of all ages. LUTS can be debilitating and affect a person's quality of life significantly. This article describes the definitions and classification of various LUTS, explains the aspects of an initial LUTS assessment and outlines the validated tools that can be used to support this process, including questionnaires and bladder diaries. It also provides information about the contributing factors associated with LUTS and the effects of these symptoms on patients' quality of life.
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